Vehicle Insurance Valuation Disputes Across Canada
A province-by-province guide to total-loss valuation disagreements, appraisal conditions and dispute processes. Find the rules relevant to the policy covering your vehicle and the evidence that may help you understand an insurer's offer.
For an out-of-province claim, policy type, loss location and insurer can affect the applicable process. Do not rely only on your home address.
Find Your Appraisal & Dispute Process
Select a province or territory below. Guides are arranged alphabetically, with the territories listed separately. Each one explains the applicable law or policy, supporting evidence, potential costs and official sources. Ontario Section 128, Alberta Section 519, ICBC arbitration and MPI appraisal involve different procedures.
Provinces
Alberta
Alberta Insurance Act, Section 519.
Read the GuideBritish Columbia
ICBC review and Insurance (Vehicle) Regulation, Sections 176–177.
Read the GuideManitoba
MPI Independent Appraisal Process and Coverage Regulation, Section 70.
Read the GuideNew Brunswick
Insurance Act, Section 107.
Read the GuideNewfoundland and Labrador
Automobile Policy: Appraisal for Disagreement.
Read the GuideNova Scotia
Automobile Insurance Mandatory Conditions, Condition 4(8).
Read the GuideOntario
Section 128 appraisal conditions for specified valuation and repair disagreements.
Read the GuidePrince Edward Island
Insurance Act, Section 91.
Read the GuideQuébec
Québec Automobile Insurance Policy Form Q.P.F. No. 1, Section 4.
Read the GuideSaskatchewan
SGI claims and Automobile Accident Insurance Act appraisal conditions.
Read the GuideTerritories
What Does an Independent Vehicle Appraiser Actually Review?
Common valuation questions include correct trim and options, kilometres, vehicle condition, realistic comparable listings, documented equipment, and the insurer's settlement calculations. An appraisal can help describe those issues with evidence, but it cannot guarantee a higher settlement or decide every coverage dispute.
Appraisal Versus Coverage Complaint
A disagreement about the amount of vehicle loss can follow a different process from a dispute about fault, liability, coverage or injury benefits. Ask which issue is being decided and identify the applicable insurance contract before starting a formal procedure.
Have a Total-Loss Offer You Want Reviewed?
Request a free initial review of a written total-loss offer. Confirm the applicable policy and assignment scope before any formal appraisal.
Independent educational resource. Each guide links to the relevant government, insurer or statutory source. Reviewed 5 November 2026. Information is general, not legal advice. Publication of a jurisdictional guide does not represent a physical IA Reports office or guaranteed assignment availability in that jurisdiction.